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短语部分没有独立主语，则短语结构称为非谓语动词。 非谓语动词的结构：分词(分词短语) 句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动还是被动形式。如果是句子的主语发出动作，则使用现在分词;如果动作不是由句子的主语发出，则使用过去分词。 1.No matter how frequently _A_， the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed perform vt. 表演，演出，演奏; to be performed 将要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏; 一些特殊的动词： 第一点：forget 忘记; [反义] remember 记得; 这两个词后加动词不定式表示将要进行的行为;这两个词后加动词ing形式表示已经做过的事情。 注意：动名词与现在分词形式一样，但含义不同。这两个词后加动词ing形式都是动名词。 forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事; remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 记得做过某事; 2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble. A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him offer vt. 提出，提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth. him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正确。 动名词的复合结构：凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词，就可以加动名词的复合结构。 动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时：名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现，且动作发出者在前文中提过时：形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。 形容词物主代词：his， her， my， your， their， our。代词宾格：him， her， me， you， us， them。 第二点：want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客观需要或缺乏。 例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow. A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut 1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_. A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用; 感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。 2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam. A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体); give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。 3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on. A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情 keep me informed 使我被告知。 4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. A after which B for which C with which D at which fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。 I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。 5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。 注意：want doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。 例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_. A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned 第三点：mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是… 例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台] A making B to make C to have made D having made
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