2003 年上海外国语大学英汉互译考研试题

2003 年上海外国语大学英汉互译考研试题答案
I  Translate the following into English
From her childhood onward, Ting Ling began with curiosity to observe the ways of the world which was always blowing hot and cold and to eyewitness myriad miseries
in the feudal society. When the epoch-making May Fourth Movement was on, it
sparked a broader vision in her mind of what a new society should be. Ting Ling, in
her full-blown youth, dared venture into the literary field, trying her hand at writing
and in not too long a time emerging as a talented promising oncomer. During the
Leftwing Writers’ 1930s, Ting Ling like almost all literary left-wingers went through
a baptism of fire and blood (imposed on them by the old regime)---to come back out
only the stronger and the more dynamic. Though her adversaries had kidnapped her
and put her in prison. After her release, she hound her way back to the northwestern
region to participate in revolutionary guerrilla warfare. Later on, she shifted to land
reform work in the midst of peasants in some northern areas. What she did, saw,
experienced, felt in this aspect of revolutionary work she conceived into a plot for a
long novel: “The Sun Shines over River Sanggan” which was published and won
great fame. In 1949, the time of New China came into being. The time had come for
Ting Ling, the writer, to fly higher in the bright, blue sky. She was determined to
devote all she was and all she had to promoting the socialist literary movement,
learning over backwards to play her allotted role.
As it happened in 1957, a political movement took place involving Ting Ling and a
generality of progressive writers, caps of “antipartyism” and “rightism” settling down
on her head. She was badly battered and exiled to the Great North Wildness to do
manual labor. And in prison and in the Taihang mountainous region, at one time and
another, she lived in and with extremely oppressive circumstances. Quietly and
patiently and bravely she bore up with it all. Thus she passed over 20 precious years
of her life.  
Afterwards however, when it came to talking about that unfortunate past with her
friends, Ting Ling invariably expressed herself in this vein: “while I was undergoing
that ordeal, our country and our people was suffering from greater ordeals. Taking
things in this perspective, I really haven’t much to complain about.”
In 1979, when she was 75 years old—not until then did Ting Ling return to
civilization and reentered the literary circle. She had no time at all to recall the
miserable past, no time to grouch of sigh. Like a born-again youth, like a flower first
to herald in the spring, she, brimming over with vigor and vitality, started a new life,
wielding her pen anew, and presented her new book “Du Wanxiang”. Opportunities
came her way to crisscross the vast land, and to go beyond the boundaries to tour
Europe, American, and Australia. She saw a lot, thought a lot, wrote a lot about her
travels. Back in the home land, she was once besieged by publishers to contact her for
her manuscripts in advance. Then, not a year passed but she produced several 100,000
words. Not a book was published but was well received by the reading public.
Determined to make a good use of the twilight of her senile life, she programmed

three more books to write—to wind up her life with “A Hell of Demons and
Monsters”, “In the Days of Severe Cold”, and “ The Snowstorm Over Man’s World”,
into which she was going to pour all her thoughts and feelings, her vital life episodes,
her bitter-and –sweet experiences, all her love of her country and people, all her hate
and wrath for her enemy.         
II  Translate the following into Chinese  
一日之计在何时
我们大多数人的头脑在正午前后最为清醒。之后不久，清醒程度下降，在下午
到傍晚之间的时段睡意会频频袭来。
上午人的短期记忆力最好――事实上，上午的工作效率比一天中任何时候都要
高出15％左右。因此，同学们要注意了：假如参加上午的考试，在临考前复习
笔记效果很好。
长期记忆有别于短期记忆。倘若要学习数天、数个星期、甚至数月之后仍要回
忆起来的东西，则下午为最佳时段。从政者、企业管理人员及其他需要练习当众
演讲的人则选择下午背诵讲稿最合适。聪明的学生会把难度较大的课程安排在下
午。大部分学习任务应该尽量在下午，而不是在晚上完成。由于短期记忆在凌晨
时分好于下午，许多学生便认为自己的记忆力在点灯熬夜时最好。然而，当几天
后临考的时候，这些短期记忆已荡然无存。
相反，在上午做一些认知有关的工作效果最好，所谓认知性工作，是指那种需
要在头脑中反应出词语或数字的工作。这也可能是检对支票本的最佳时间。
动手能力：下午是对速度和协调能力要求较高的复杂动手工作的最佳时间。这
段时间里作些木匠活、打字、或缝纫会相对简单一些。
再来看看运动。下午及傍晚人的协调能力处于最佳状态，因而能作出最迅速的
反应来应对外界的刺激，比如非向你家大门的棒球。有关研究表明，一天中，人
体温度在晚上达到顶峰，所以做一些体育锻炼则相对简单轻松一些。不论这一说
法是否准确，这意味着在下午的晚些时候或晚上的早些时候，人更有可能努力工
作。对游泳运动员、跑步运功动员、推铅球运动员及划船运动员进行的调查和对
比赛时所做的调查结果是一致的，即傍晚比上午更适合运动。
事实上，人体的味觉、视觉、听觉、触觉及嗅觉在傍晚及晚上早些时候可能是
灵敏的。这有可能就是为什么晚餐比早餐诱人，晚上的灯光容易激怒我们的原因。
我们对时间的观念也随着时间的变化而变化。快乐时时间瞬间即逝，但是在傍
晚，快乐的时光消逝地更快，此时人体的温度也达到顶点。
我们大多数人作息习惯都大同小异，但是每个人准确的作息却是不尽相同。这
取决于人的“生物”日结构――你喜欢在白天工作还是晚上工作，程度如何。
你的“生物”日开始地越早，你就越可能较早地进入或结束工作效率的最高时刻。
每个人都可以增加对于个人生活节奏的了解。学会体内的挑动，让挑动的节拍
决定生活的节奏。那样一来，你的生活将会更加健康，更加快乐。