一起来背《新概念英语》第三册！》》已更新（可在线听写o(∩_∩)o...）

第三章 代替与省略
SUBSTITUTIONAND OMISSION

英语中，为了避免不必要的重复，经常用so, not, to, do, does 代替前面出现的动词或相关内容。
如：He translated the article better than I did. (did代替wrote it)

— Doyou think she isclever?
— I think so. (so代替 she is clever)
(1) 从上两例中看出，do / does / did 代替动词。
(2) \"so 与 not\" 代替某个词、短语、句子等，通常用于hope, think, believe, expect, suppose, be afraid, fear, imagine, etc后作宾语。
E.g. — Is it correct?
— I\'m afraid not. (not correct)
(3) \"to\" 用作不定式，常跟随下列动词：want, mean, hope, expect, refuse, seem, intend, be, afraid, etc.
E.g. I asked him to go to the party, but he refused to. (go to the party)
(4) \"do so, do that, do it\" 用来代替动态动词，而不能代静态动词。
Eg. — He gave up studying English.
— Why did he do so? (= give up studying English)

— The dish tastes nice.
— Yes, so it does. (tastes nice)
(此句不能用it does it 或 it does so, 因taste属静态动词。）

(5) 为使语言精炼，避免不必要的重复，对话中常用省略形式。
E.g. — He is thinking of buying a car?
— Is he?（这里，“thinking of buying a car”被省略了。）

— Will he come back in time?
— Perhaps.（省略了he will come back in time.)

测试精编

I．选择正确答案：

1. — Shall I wake you up tomorrow? — Yes, ________ .
A. please do                       B. you shall
C. you will                        D. you may
2. I think records are often ________ an actual performance.
A. as good as or better than           B. as good or better than
C. like good or better than            D. as good as any other
3. — If he doesn\'t come to work, he may be fired. — Surely he isn\'t so foolish ________ not to realize that.
A. so        B. and        C. but        D. as
4. — Don\'t you think Alan\'s health has beenruined by smoking? — Yes, he told me ________ himself.
A. the fact        B. this thing       C. It        D. so
5. — Will you go home tomorrowevening? — No, I\'m going to a lecture, or at least, I\'m planning ________ .
A. on        B. to        C. so        D. It
6. — I slipped on the stairs, I think my arm is broken. — Oh! I ________ .
A. do not hope so        B. do not hope         C. hope not so        D. hope not
7. California relies mainly on income from fruit crops, and ________ .
A. Florida also                     B. Florida too
C. Florida is as well                 D. so does Florida
8. — Have you been here long? — ________ .
A. No, not very                    B. Not much
C. Yes, only little                   D. No, only yesterday
9. — You look happy today, Mary. — I like my new dress and mother ________, too.
A. does        B. likes        C. is        D. do
10. — So you are lost, little boy. Why didn\'t you hang on to your mother\'s skirt?
— ________, but I couldn\'t reach it.
A. I hanged to                     B. I did to
C. I didn\'t hang to                  D. I tried to

keys


1.A   2.A   3. D   4.D   5. B   6. D   7. D   8.A   9.A  10.D

  Lesson 26   Wanted: a large biscuit tin   征购大饼干筒

1. No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.  
没有人能避免受广告的影响。  

2. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want,  
尽管我们可以自夸自己的鉴赏力如何敏锐，但我们已经无法独立自主地选购自己所需的东西了。  

3. for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us.  
这是因为广告在我们身上施加着一种潜移默化的影响。  

4. In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product,  
做广告的人在力图劝说我们买下这种产品或那种产品之前，  

5. advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.  
已经仔细地研究了人的本性，并把人的弱点进行了分类。  

6. Advertisers discovered years ago that all of us love to get something for nothing.  
做广告的人们多年前就发现我们大家都喜欢免费得到东西。  

7. An advertisement which begins with the magic word FREE can rarely go wrong.  
凡是用“免费”这个神奇的词开头的广告很少会失败的。  

8. These days, advertisers not only offer free samples, but free cars, free houses, and free trips round the world as well.  
目前，做广告的人不仅提供免费样品，而且还提供免费汽车，免费住房，免费周游世界。  

9. They devise hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money.  
他们设计数以百计的竞赛，竞赛中有人可赢得巨额奖金。  

10. Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to capture the attention of millions of people in this way.  
电台、电视使做广告的人可以用这种手段吸引成百万人的注意力。  

11. During a radio programme, a company of biscuit manufacturers once asked listeners to bake biscuits and send them to their factory.  
有一次，在电台播放的节目里，一个生产饼干的公司请听众烘制饼干送到他们的工厂去。  

12. They offered to pay $10 a pound for the biggest biscuit baked by a listener.  
他们愿意以每磅10美元的价钱买下由听众烘制的最大的饼干。  

13. The response to this competition was tremendous.  
这次竞赛在听众中引起极其热烈的反响。  

14. Before long, biscuits of all shapes and sizes began arriving at the factory.  
不久，形状各异，大小不一的饼干陆续送到工厂。  

15. One lady brought in a biscuit on a wheelbarrow.  
一位女士用手推车运来一个饼干，  

16. It weighed nearly 500 pounds.  
重达500磅左右。  

17. A little later, a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the whole boot of his car.  
相隔不一会儿，一个男子也带来一个大饼干，那个饼干把汽车的行李箱挤得满满的。  

18. All the biscuits that were sent were carefully weighed.  
凡送来的饼干都仔细地称量。  

19. The largest was 713 pounds.  
最重的一个达713磅，  

20. It seemed certain that this would win the prize.  
看来这个饼干获奖无疑了。  

21. But just before the competition closed, a lorry arrived at the factory with a truly colossal biscuit which weighed 2,400 pounds.  
但就在竞赛截止时间将到之际，一辆卡车驶进了工厂，运来了一个特大无比、重达2,400磅的饼干。  

22. It had been baked by a college student who had used over 1,000 pounds of flour, 800 pounds of sugar, 200 pounds of fat, and 400 pounds of various other ingredients.  
它是由一个大学生烘制的，用去1,000多磅的面粉、800磅食糖、200磅动物脂肪及400磅其他各种原料。  

23. It was so heavy that a crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry.  
饼干份量太重了，用了一台起重机才把它从卡车上卸下。  

24. The manufacturers had to pay more money than they had anticipated, for they bought the biscuit from the student for $24,000.  
饼干公司不得不付出比他们预计多得多的钱，因为为买下那学生烘制的饼干他们支付了24,000美元。  

New words and expressions 生词和短语

     influence
v.   影响

     pride
v.   骄傲

     taste
n.   鉴赏力

     exert
v.   施加

     subtle
aj.  微妙的，难以捉摸的

     advertiser
n.   做广告的人

     classify
v.   分类

     magic
adj. 有奇妙作用

     sample
n.   样品

     devise
v.   设计，想出

     capture
v.   吸引，赢得

     manufacturer
n.   生产厂家，制造商

     wheelbarrow
n.   独轮手推车

     boot
n.  （汽车尾部的）行李箱

     ingredient
n.   配料

     crane
n.   起重机

     anticipate
v.   预期，预料

Notes on the text课文注释

1  No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.
没有人能避免受广告的影响。
avoid一词需接动名词作宾语， being influenced是动名词一般式的被动形式。

2  Much as we may pride ourselves…，尽管我们可以自夸……，虽然我们可以为……而感到自豪。
这是一个让步状语从句，连词 much as可以译成“虽然很……”

3  get something for nothing，免费得到。

4  go wrong ，出差错，出毛病。

5  the response to this competition，对这一竞赛的反响。

一起学~!@#$%^&*

每天一课有难度,我几天一课背完过几天又忘了,敬佩你的学习热度!有人说学英语就象小孩学说话,重复重复再重复,没有捷径可走

楼主奉献精神高远，可敬可佩！
谢谢！

看一看[s:5] [s:5]

我很想学好外语

好贴

Q：What is the most important thing for a tramp?

Lesson 27   Nothing to sell    and nothing to buy    不卖也不买

1. It has been said that everyone lives by selling something.  
据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。  

2. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge,  
根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，  

3. philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort.  
哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。  

4. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money,  
虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，  

5. it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.  
但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。  

6. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives,  
有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。  

7. yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.  
但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。  

8. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.  
社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。  

9. Everyone has something to sell.  
人人都有东西可以出售。  

10. Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule.  
在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，  

11. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.  
乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。  

12. But real tramps are not beggars.  
但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。  

13. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others.  
他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西，  

14. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity.  
在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。  

15. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him.  
游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。  

16. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.  
他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。  

17. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.  
他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。  

18. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.  
他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。  

19. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do.  
由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。  

20. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive;  
为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；  

21. he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom.  
确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。  

22. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars,  
说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。  

23. but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?  
但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢?  

New words and expressions 生词和短语

     philosopher
n.   哲学家

     wisdom
n.   智慧

     priest
n.   牧师

     spiritual
adj. 精神上的

     grudge
v.   不愿给，舍不得给

     surgeon
n.   外科大夫

     passer-by
n.   过路人（复数 passers-by)

     dignity
n.   尊严

     deliberately
adv. 故意地

     consequence
n.   后果，结果

     afflict
v.   使苦恼，折磨

     ease
n.   容易

     nature
n.   大自然

     contempt
n.   蔑视的

     envious
adj. 嫉妒的   

Notes on the text课文注释

1  in the light of，依据，按照。

2  in terms of，从……方面（说来），按照。

3  grudge paying 中，grudge作“吝惜”，“不愿”解，后面要接名词或动名词。

这句话中的this service 指上文 to save our lives。

4  The conditions of society are such that…

such此处为代词，作“这样”解，that所引起的从句，可视为同位语从句。

5  be free from…，作“不受……影响”解，后面常接 pain（痛苦）， trouble（苦恼）， danger（危险）一类的词语。

6  By having to sleep in the open，由于不得不在露天过夜，这一介词短语作原因状语。

7  in times of real need，确实需要的时侯。

8  put them in the same class as begars，把他们归为乞丐一类。 the same… as…，像……一样。