海文考研英语一级掌握度词汇3

考研英语一级掌握度词汇
Core Words of Fundamental Mastery for Postgraduate Entrance Examination

knife - n. a tool or weapon used to cut
know - v. to understand something as correct; to have the facts about; to recognize someone because you have met and talked together before
knowledge - n. that which is known; learning or understanding
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L
laboratory - n. a room or place where experiments in science are done
lack - v. to be without; n. the condition of needing, wanting or not having
lake - n. a large area of fresh water surrounded by land  
land - v. to come to the earth from the air ("Airplanes land at airports."); n. the part of the earth not covered by water; the ground
language - n. words and their use; what people speak in a country, nation or group  
large - ad. big; being of more than usual size, amount or number; opposite small  
last - v. to continue ("The talks will last three days."); ad. after all others; the only one remaining ("She is the last person in line.")
late - ad. after the correct time; near the end; opposite early  
laugh - v. to make sounds to express pleasure or happy feelings
launch - v. to put into operation; to begin; to send into the air or space
law - n. all or any rules made by a government  
lead - v. to show the way; to command; to control; to go first  
leak - v. to come out of or to escape through a small opening or hole (usually a gas or liquid)
learn - v. to get knowledge about; to come to know a fact or facts  
leave - v. to go away from; to let something stay where it is  
left - ad. on the side that is toward the west when one is facing north; opposite right  
legal - ad. of or in agreement with the law  
legislature - n. a government lawmaking group  
lend - v. to permit someone to use a thing temporarily; to make a loan of money  
less - ad. smaller in amount; not as much
let - v. to permit to do or to be; to make possible  
letter - n. a message written on paper; a communication in writing sent to another person
level - n. the amount or height that something reaches or rises to; the position of something or someone
liberal - ad. one who usually supports social progress or change  
lie - v. to have one's body on the ground or other surface; to say something that one knows is not true  
life - n. the time between being born and dying; opposite death; all living things  
lift - v. to take or bring up to a higher place or level  
light - n. a form of energy that affects the eyes so that one is able to see; anything that produces light; ad. bright; clear; not heavy  
lightning - n. light produced by electricity in the air, usually during a storm
like - v. to be pleased with; to have good feelings for someone or something; ad. in the same way as; similar to  
limit - v. to restrict to a number or amount; n. the greatest amount or number permitted
line - n. a long, thin mark on a surface; a number of people or things organized; one after another; the edge of an area protected by military forces
link - v. to connect; to unite one thing or event with another; n. a relation between two or more things, situations or events
liquid - n. a substance that is not a solid or gas, and can move freely, like water  
list - v. to put in writing a number of names of people or things; n. a written series of names or things  
listen - v. to try to hear  
literature - n. all the poems, stories and writings of a period of time or of a country  
little - ad. not tall or big; a small amount  
live - v. to have life; to exist; ad. having life; alive  
load - v. to put objects on or into a vehicle or container; n. that which is carried  
loan - n. money borrowed that usually must be returned with interest payments; something borrowed
local - ad. about or having to do with one place  
lonely - ad. feeling alone and wanting friends; visited by few or no people ("a lonely man")  
long - ad. not short; measuring from beginning to end; measuring much; for much time  
look - v. to turn the eyes toward so as to see; to search or hunt for; to seem to be
lose - v. to have no longer; to not find; to fail to keep; to be defeated  
loud - ad. having a strong sound; full of sound or noise  
love - v. to like very much; to feel a strong, kind emotion (sometimes involving sex); n. a strong, kind emotion for someone or something; opposite hate  
low - ad. not high or tall; below the normal height; close to the ground  
loyal - ad. showing strong friendship and support for someone or something  
luck - n. something that happens by chance
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M
magazine - n. a publication of news, stories, pictures or other information  
mail - n. letters, papers and other things sent through an official system, such as a post office  
main - ad. the most important or largest  
major - ad. great in size, importance or amount  
majority - n. the greater number; more than half  
make - v. to produce; to create; to build; to do something or to carry out an action; to cause to be or to become  
male - n. a man or boy; the sex that is the father of children; ad. of or about men  
man - n. an adult male human  
manufacture - v. to make goods in large amounts  
many - ad. a large number or amount of  
map - n. a picture of the earth's surface or a part of it  
march - v. to walk in a group like soldiers; to walk together in a large group to protest about something
mark - v. to make a sign or cut on something  
market - n. a place or area where goods are sold, bought or traded; an economic system in which the prices of things are decided by how many there are and how much money people are willing to pay for them  
marry - v. to join a man and woman together as husband and wife; to become husband and wife (usually in a religious or civil ceremony)  
mass - n. an amount of matter having no special form and usually of a large size  
mate - v. to bring together a male and a female to create another creature  
material - n. the substance, substances or matter of which something is made or from which something can be made, such as wood, cloth or stone; anything that can be made into something else  
mathematics - n. the science dealing with amounts, sizes and shapes, as explained by numbers and signs  
matter - n. anything that can be seen or felt; what things are made of  
may - v. a word used with an action word to mean permit or possible ("May I go?" "They may leave tomorrow.")  
mayor - n. the chief official of a city or town government  
meal - n. food eaten to satisfy hunger, such as dinner  
mean - v. to want to; to give the idea of; to have the idea of  
measure - v. to learn the amount, size or distance of something; n. an action taken; a legislative proposal  
meat - n. the part of a dead animal used for food
media - n. all public information organizations, including newspapers, television and radio  
medicine - n. a substance or drug used to treat disease or pain; the science or study of treating and curing disease or improving health  
meet - v. to come together with someone or something at the same time and place  
melt - v. to make a solid into a liquid by heating it  
member - n. one of a group
memorial - n. something done or made to honor the memory of a person or event  
memory - n. a picture in the mind of past events; the ability to remember; a thing remembered  
mental - ad. about or having to do with the mind  
mercy - n. kindness toward those who should be punished; the power to be kind or to pardon
message - n. written or spoken news or information; a note from one person to another person or group
metal - n. a hard substance such as iron, steel or gold  
method - n. the way something is done  
microscope - n. a device used to make very small things look larger so they can be studied  
middle - n. the center; a place or time of equal distance from both sides or ends; ad. in the center
militant - n. someone active in trying to cause political change, often by the use of force or violence  
military - n. the armed forces of a nation or group; ad. of or about the armed forces  
milk - n. the white liquid produced by female animals to feed their young  
mind - n. the thinking, feeling part of a person  
mine - v. to dig useful or valuable substances out of the earth; n. a place in the earth where such substances are found; a bomb placed under the ground or under water so it cannot be seen  
mineral - n. a substance found in nature that is not an animal or a plant, such as coal or salt  
minister - n. a member of a cabinet; a high government official ("prime minister," "foreign minister") minor - ad. small in size; of little importance  
minority - n. the smaller number; opposite majority  
minute - n. a measure of time; one of the sixty equal parts of an hour; sixty seconds  
miss - v. to fail to hit, see, reach or meet  
missile - n. any weapon that can be thrown or fired through the air and explodes when it reaches its target  
missing - ad. lost; not found  
mistake - n. a wrong action or decision; an action done without the knowledge that it was wrong  
mix - v. to put different things together to make one thing  
mob - n. a large group of wild or angry people  
model - n. an example; something, usually small, made to show how something will look or work  
moderate - ad. not extreme  
modern - ad. of the present or very recent time; the most improved  
money - n. pieces of metal or paper used to pay for things  
month - n. one of the twelve periods of time into which a year is divided  
moon - n. the bright object often seen in the night sky that orbits the earth about every twenty-nine days  
moral - ad. concerning what is right or wrong in someone's actions  
more - ad. greater in size or amount  
morning - n. the early part of the day, from sunrise until noon  
most - ad. greatest in size or amount  
mother - n. the female parent; a woman who has a child or children  
motion - n. a movement; a continuing change of position or place  
mountain - n. a part of the earth's surface that rises high above the area around it  
mourn - v. to express or feel sadness  
move - v. to change position; to put or keep in motion; to go  
movement - n. the act of moving or a way of moving; a series of acts or efforts to reach a goal  
movie - n. a motion picture; a film  
much - ad. great in amount  
murder - v. to kill another person illegally; n. the crime of killing another person  
music - n. the making of sounds by singing or using a musical instrument  
must - v. a word used with an action word to mean necessary ("You must go to school.")  
mystery - n. something that is not or cannot be explained or understood; a secret
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N
narrow - ad. limited in size or amount; not wide; having a short distance from one side to the other  
nation - n. a country, together with its social and political systems  
native - n. someone who was born in a place, not one who moved there  
natural - ad. of or about nature; normal; common to its kind  
nature - n. all the plants, animals and other things on earth not created by humans; events or processes not caused by humans  
navy - n. the part of a country's military force trained to fight at sea  
near - ad. not far; close to
necessary - prep. needed to get a result or effect; required  
need - v. to require; to want; to be necessary to have or to do  
negotiate - v. to talk about a problem or situation to find a common solution  
neither - ad. not one or the other of two
neutral - ad. not supporting one side or the other in a dispute  
never - ad. at no time; not ever  
new - ad. not existing before; not known before; recently made, built, bought or grown; another; different  
news - n. information about any recent events, especially as reported by the media  
next - ad. coming immediately after; nearest  
nice - ad. pleasing; good; kind  
night - n. the time between when the sun goes down and when it rises, when there is little or no light  
no - ad. used to reject or to refuse; not any; not at all  
noise - n. sound, especially when loud  
nominate - v. to name someone as a candidate for an election; to propose a person for an office or position  
noon - n. the middle of the day; twelve o'clock in the daytime  
normal - n. the usual condition, amount or form; ad. usual; what is expected  
north - n. the direction to the left of a person facing the rising sun  
not - ad. a word showing that something is denied or untrue ("She is not going.")  
note - v. to talk about something already known; n. a word or words written to help a person remember; a short letter  
nothing - n. not anything; no thing  
now - ad. at this time; immediately  
nowhere - ad. not in, to or at any place  
nuclear - ad. of or about the energy produced by splitting atoms or bringing them together; of or about weapons that explode by using energy from atoms  
number - n. a word or sign used to show the order or amount of things
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O
object - v. to show that one does not like or approve; to protest; n. something not alive that can be seen or touched  
observe - v. to watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.")  
occupy - v. to take and hold or to control by force  
ocean - n. the area of salt water that covers almost seventy-five percent of the earth's surface; any of the five main divisions of this water  
of - prep. made from; belonging to; about; connected to; included among  
off - ad. away; at a distance; condition when something is no longer operating or continuing; not on; not connected
offensive - n. a military campaign of attack; ad. having to do with attacking  
offer - v. to present or propose; n. the act of presenting or proposing; that which is presented or proposed  
office - n. a room or building where business or work is done; a public position to which one is elected or appointed  
officer - n. a person in the military who commands others; any person who is a member of a police force  
official - n. a person with power in an organization; a representative of an organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government or someone in power
often - ad. many times
oil - n. a thick liquid that does not mix with water and that burns easily; a black liquid taken from the ground and used as fuel
old - ad. not young or new; having lived or existed for many years  
on - prep. above and held up by; touching the upper surface of ("The book is on the table."); supported by ("He is on his feet."); about ("The report on the meeting is ready."); at the time of ("He left on Wednesday.")  
once - ad. one time only  
only - ad. being the single one or ones; no more than ("We have only two dollars.")  
open - v. to start ("They opened talks."); ad. not closed; not secret  
operate - v. to do work or a job; to cut into the body for medical reasons  
opinion - n. a belief based on one's own ideas and thinking  
oppose - v. to be against; to fight against  
opposite - ad. different as possible; completely different from; exactly the other way ("North is the opposite direction from south.")  
oppress - v. to make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or power  
or - conj. giving another of two choices; giving the last of several choices  
orbit - v. to travel in space around a planet or other object; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet  
order - v. to give a command; to tell someone what to do; n. a command; the correct or normal way things are organized; a peaceful situation in which people obey laws  
organize - v. to put in order; to put together into a system  
other - ad. different; of another kind; the remaining one or ones of two or more ("That man is short; the other is tall.")  
our - ad. of or belonging to us  
oust - v. to force to leave; to remove by force  
out - ad. away from the inside; opposite of in  
over - conj. above; covering; across, in or on every part of ("all over the world")  
overthrow - v. to remove from power; to defeat or end by force  
owe - v. to pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received  
own - v. to have or possess for oneself
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P
paint - v. to cover with a liquid color; to make a picture with liquid colors; n. a colored liquid used to cover or protect a surface
pan - n. a metal container used for cooking  
paper - n. a thin, flat material made from plants or cloth often used for writing  
parachute - n. a device that permits a person or thing to fall slowly from an airplane or helicopter to the ground  
parade - n. a group of people and vehicles moving together to celebrate a special event or anniversary  
pardon - v. to forgive for a crime and release from punishment  
parent - n. a father or mother  
parliament - n. a government lawmaking group
part - n. something less than the whole; not all of something  
party - n. a group of people working together for a political purpose; a group of people or friends gathered together for enjoyment  
pass - v. to go by or move around something; to move along; to cause or permit to go  
passenger - n. a person traveling by airplane, train, boat or car who is not the pilot or driver  
passport - n. a document permitting a person to travel to another country
past - n. the time gone by; the time before; ad. recent; immediately before; former  
path - n. a narrow way for walking; a way along which something moves  
patient - n. a person being treated by a doctor for a health problem
pay - v. to give money for work done or for something bought
peace - n. the condition of freedom from war, fighting or noise; rest; quiet  
people - n. any group of persons; all the persons of a group, race, religion or nation ("the American people")  
percent - n. a part of every hundred ("Ten is ten percent of one hundred.")
perfect - ad. complete or correct in every way; completely right or good; without mistakes  
perform - v. to speak, dance or sing in front of others
period - n. an amount of time within events, restrictions or conditions
permanent - ad. never changing; lasting for a very long time or for all time  
permit - v. to let; to make possible  
person - n. a man, woman or child physical - ad. of the body  
physics - n. the study of motion, matter and energy  
picture - n. something that shows what another thing looks like; an idea or representation of something as seen by the eye; a painting; what is made with a camera  
piece - n. a part of something larger
pig - n. a farm animal used for its meat  
pilot - n. one who guides or flies an airplane or helicopter
pipe - n. a long, round piece of material used to move liquid or gas  
place - v. to put something somewhere; n. an area or a part of an area; space where a person or thing is; any room, building, town or country  
plan - v. to organize or develop an idea or method of acting or doing something ("They plan to have a party."); n. an organized or developed idea or method ("The plan will not work.")  
planet - n. a large object in space that orbits the sun ("Earth is a planet.")  
plant - v. to put into the ground to grow; n. a living growth from the ground which gets its food from air, water and earth plastic - n. a material made from chemicals that can be formed and made into things  
play - v. to have fun; to not work; to take part in a sport; to make music on an instrument; n. a story acted in a theater  
please - v. to make one happy; to give enjoyment plenty - n. all that is needed; a large enough amount  
plot - v. to make secret plans; n. a secret plan to do something wrong or illegal  
poem - n. words and their sounds organized in a special way to express emotions  
point - v. to aim one's finger toward; to aim; n. the sharp end of something
poison - n. a substance that can destroy life or damage health
police - n. a government agency responsible for guarding the public, keeping order, and making sure people obey the law; members of that agency
policy - n. an established set of plans or goals used to develop and make decisions in politics, economics or business  
politics - n. the activities of government and of those who are in public office  
pollute - v. to release dangerous or unpleasant substances into the air, soil or water
poor - n. people with little or no money; ad. lacking money or goods; of bad quality
popular - ad. liked by many people; generally approved by the public  
population - n. all the people in a place, city or country  
port - n. a city where ships load or unload goods; a place on a coast where ships can be safe from a storm  
position - n. a place; the way of holding the body; the way a thing is set or placed; a job (or level of a job) in an organization
possess - v. to have; to own; to control or be controlled by  
possible - ad. able to be done; can happen or is expected to happen  
postpone - v. to delay action until a later time pour - v. to flow; to cause to flow  
power - n. the ability to control or direct others; control; strength; ruling force; force or energy used to do work ("Water power turns the wheel.")  
praise - v. to say good things about; to approve  
pray - v. to make a request to a god or spirit; to praise a god or spirit  
pregnant - ad. carrying a child within the body before it is born; expecting to give birth to a baby  
present - v. to offer for consideration ("We will present our idea to the committee."); n. a gift ("I gave them a present for their anniversary."); now ("The present time is a good time."); ad. to be at a place ("I was present at school yesterday.")  
president - n. the chief official of a country that is a republic; the leader of an organization  
press - v. to urge strongly; n. newspapers, magazines and other publications
pressure - n. the force produced when something is pushed down or against something else
prevent - v. to keep or stop from going or happening  
price - n. the amount of money for which anything is bought, sold or offered for sale  
prison - n. a place where a person is kept as punishment for a crime
private - ad. of or about a person or group that is secret; opposite public  
prize - n. something offered or won in a competition; something of value that one must work hard for to get  
probably - ad. a good chance of taking place; a little more than possible  
problem - n. a difficult question or situation with an unknown or unclear answer  
process - n. an operation or series of changes leading to a desired result  
produce - v. to make; to create; to cause something to be; to manufacture
profession - n. a job that requires special training professor - n. a teacher at a college or university  
profit - n. money gained from a business activity after paying all costs of that activity
program - n. a plan of action; the different events or parts of a meeting or show
progress - n. movement forward or toward improvement or a goal  
project - n. a planned effort to do something  
propaganda - n. ideas or information used to influence opinions  
property - n. anything owned by someone such as land, buildings or goods
propose - v. to present or offer for consideration
protect - v. to guard; to defend; to prevent from being harmed or damaged
protest - v. to speak against; to object  
prove - v. to show to be true  
provide - v. to give something needed or wanted  
public - ad. of or about all the people in a community or country; opposite private  
publication - n. something that is published such as a book, newspaper or magazine  
publish - v. to make public something that is written; to include something in a book, newspaper or magazine
pull - v. to use force to move something toward the person or thing using the force; opposite push  
pump - v. to force a gas or liquid up, into or through  
punish - v. to cause pain, suffering or loss for doing something bad or illegal  
purchase - v. to buy with money or with something of equal value; n. that which is bought  
pure - ad. free from anything that is different or that reduces value; clean  
purpose - n. the reason or desired effect for doing something; goal  
push - v. to use force to move something away from the person or thing using the force; opposite pull  
put - v. to place; to set in position
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Q
question - v. to ask; to express wonder or disbelief; n. a sentence or word used in asking for information; a problem; an issue to be discussed  
quick - ad. fast  
quiet - ad. with little or no noise; having little or no movement; calm
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R
radar - n. a device that uses radio signals to learn the position or speed of objects that may be too far away to be seen
radiation - n. waves of energy from something that produces heat or light; energy from a nuclear substance, which can be dangerous  
radio - n. the system of sending and receiving signals or sounds through the air without wires  
raid - v. to make a sudden attack; n. a sudden attack carried out as an act of war, or for the purpose of seizing or stealing something
railroad - n. a road for trains; a company that operates such a road and its stations and equipment  
rain - n. water falling from the sky  
raise - v. to lift up; to move to a higher position; to cause to grow; to increase  
rare - ad. not common; not usual; not often  
rate - n. speed; a measure of how quickly or how often something happens; the price of any thing or service that is bought or sold  
reach - v. to put a hand toward; to arrive at; to come to  
react - v. to act as a result of or in answer to
read - v. to look at and understand the meaning of written words or numbers  
ready - ad. prepared; completed; organized; willing  
real - ad. true; truly existing; not false  
realistic - ad. in agreement with the way things are
reason - n. the cause for a belief or act; purpose; something that explains
reasonable - ad. ready to listen to reasons or ideas; not extreme; ready or willing to compromise  
rebel - v. to act against a government or power, often with force; to refuse to obey; n. one who opposes or fights against the government of his or her country  
receive - v. to get or accept something given, offered or sent  
recent - ad. a short time ago  
recession - n. a temporary reduction in economic activity, when industries produce less and many workers lose their jobs  
recognize - v. to know or remember something or someone that was known, known about or seen before; to accept another nation as independent and establish diplomatic ties with its government