（转）【穿越研英】冲击翻译，不得不恋(第5期，已奖励)

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第一期的链接地址：http://bbs.freekaoyan.com/thread-335256-1-1.html
第二期的链接地址：http://bbs.freekaoyan.com/thread-335556-1-1.html
第三期的链接地址：http://bbs.freekaoyan.com/thread-335803-1-1.html
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第五期的链接地址：http://bbs.freekaoyan.com/thread-336359-1-1.html
第六期的链接地址：http://bbs.freekaoyan.com/thread-336531-1-1.html

http://224.cachefile11.rayfile.com/d034/zh-cn/preview/9753b6df5778ad93c4e4ebfda13f8ad5/preview.mp3

别样版本的卡门，吉他弹奏，我家天心超喜欢的哦。在轻快的气氛中，开始今天的“不得不恋”吧！
[answerfly]1[/answerfly]





【英文翻译的基本方法和技巧之三】 （资料来源： 朱泰祺《新编硕士研究生英语入学考试复习指导》）

1. 词类的转移：在英译汉过程中，原文的有些词在译成汉语时其词类需要转换，才能使汉语译文通顺达意。

例一：Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide a support for all, people will have to accept more “unnatural food”.

分析： 在原文中sense是 名词，作has 的宾语，但在have the sense( of sth./ to do sth .)中sense是习语的主体，故译成汉语时常可转译成动词“意识到”。

译文：除非人类终于意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度：使地球能为所有的人提供足够的饮食，否则将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。

★注意：英语中许多具有动作意义的名词和由动词派生的名词，往往可根据需要转译成汉语中的动词。如：Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.

例二：…we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a “valid” or “fair” comparison.

分析：sure 是形容词，译成 汉语时转换为动词“确保”。

译文：……我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所使用的尺度要能提供“有效的”或“公平”的比较。

★注意：英语中有些表示知觉、情绪、欲望等心理状态的形容词，做表语时，常可转换成汉语动词。这类形容词有: able, afraid , angry, ashamed ,aware, anxious, careful, cautious, certain, concerned, confident, doubtful, glad, grateful, ignorant , sorry ,thankful等。

2. 增词法：英译汉时，根据意义上、结构上和修辞上的需要可以加一些词，使译文既忠实于原文又通顺、流畅。这种翻译方法叫增词法。

例：From agreement on this general goal, we have, unfortunately, in the past proceeded to disagreement on specific goals, and from there to total inaction.

分析：agreement on this general goal 是指“在总的目标上一致”，译文中加了“意见”两字，使句子意思更清晰明了。下半句中在“任何行动”前加“采取”两字，使译文更符合汉语的表达习惯。本句的主导词是proceed from ……to ……意为“继续进行；着手；出发”，在整句翻译时，没有译出，但译文已经忠实地表达了原文的含义。

译文：遗憾的是，过去我们在这个总的目标方面意见是一致的，但涉及到各个具体目标时，意见就不一致，因而也就根本没有采取什么行动。

锻恋,锻恋,一下~~

【作业】

1 请对下面句子进行分析。
All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned.Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements ----themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport。 As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect . (来自2000年英译汉真题)

2 请对上面的划分句子结构.

3 请把下面的句子翻译成中文：（注意back-to-school 和laid –off workers的翻译）

Federally funded training and free back-to-school programs for laid-off workers are under way, but few experts believed they will be able to keep up with the pace of the new technology.
【不得不恋规则】
1从以上句子中选取两个进行练习，参与者均奖励22KY。只完成一句或不按要求做者，恕不奖励。三句全完成者奖励30KY

2 说说你的翻译技巧，或对本节目的建议意见，积极参与者均奖励20KY

【不得不恋栏目计划】 ：每期大约三句供选择，每周一至周六开课，周日自己回顾。

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~~休闲一句: Every ebb awaits an overwhelming flow.跨越人生低谷,飞跃前途险峰~~
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[ 本帖最后由 tangshufang 于 2008-11-20 11:51 编辑 ]

答案：

【1分析：这是一个简单句。Additional social stresses may also occur是主谓结构的主干，because of the population explosion or problems是介词短语作状语，arising from mass migration movements是现在分词短语作名词problems的后置定语，themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport是独立主格结构，补充说明migration movements.

2 划分:Additional social stresses may also occur/ because of the population explosion/ or problems arising from mass migration movements ----themselves made relatively easy nowadays/ by modern means of transport。
3 为失业工人提供的由联邦政府资助的培训计划和免费重返校园的计划目前都在实施中，但专家中计划没有人认为，这些计划能跟得上新技术的发展步伐。-
分析：原文中federally是副词，根据句意，一问中把该副词译为名词“联邦政府”，较确切地表达了原文的意思。】

1 请对下面句子进行分析。
All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned.Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements ----themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport。 As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect . (来自2000年英译汉真题)

分析：additional social stresses（额外的社会压力）作主语，谓语may，宾语occur。because of 后接一个名词性短语 the population explosion or problems （人口爆炸问题）。arising from作后置定补，修饰前面的explosion or problems.破折号后面的句子中，themselves指的是前面的mass migration movements ，整个句子作补语。

我觉得今天的句子不难，就是本人语法不精，虽然能懂，但从语法上分析得不是很好。

2 请对上面的划分句子结构.

Additional social stresses may also occur / because of the population explosion or problems /  arising from (mass migration movements ) ----themselves made relatively easy nowadays  / by modern means of transport。

3 请把下面的句子翻译成中文：（注意back –to-school 和laid –off workers的翻译）

Federally funded training and free back–to-school programs for laid –off workers are under way, but few experts believed they will be able to keep up with the pace of the new technology.

一项旨在帮助下岗工人免费重返技校的，由联邦基金资助的培训工程正在启动，但很少有专家认为这能跟得上新技术发展的步伐。

[s:5] 1 请对下面句子进行分析。
All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned.
Additional social stresses may also occur/ because of the population explosion/ or problems arising from mass migration movements /----themselves made relatively easy nowadays /by modern means of transport。

3 请把下面的句子翻译成中文：（注意back –to-school 和laid –off workers的翻译）
Federally funded training and free back –to-school programs for laid –off workers are under way, but few experts believed they will be able to keep up with the pace of the new technology.
翻译：由政府组建的为下岗员工培训并且重返校园的计划还在实施中，但是专家中几乎没有人认同这个新政策会一直持续下去。
[s:103]  圆圆月~ 来用KY砸我吧~~

[answerfly]做翻译，其乐无穷[/answerfly]

Additional social stresses may also/ occur /(because of the population explosion or problems /arising from mass migration movements ----themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport)。
此外，因为人口急剧膨胀或者人口大规模迁移带来的问题-----现代化的交通工具使得人口大规模迁移变得相当容易，社会压力也可能发生。

Federally funded training and free back-to-school programs for laid-off workers are under way, but few experts believed they will be able to keep up with the pace of the new technology.

为失业工人提供的由政府出资培训和免费的重归校园项目正在进行 ， 但是几乎没有专家相信这些项目可以跟上新科技的步伐。

1. Additional social stresses may also occur /because of the population explosion /or problems arising from mass migration movements ----themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
2.由于人口爆炸或大规模的移民运动引发的问题，--现代化的交通工具使得移民运动本身相对容易，也可能会有新的社会压力出现。
3、国家为下岗工人提供的培训和免费的重返校园计划正在实施，但几乎没有专家相信他们能够跟得上科技发展的新步伐。

先来支持一哈！！

1 请对下面句子进行分析。
All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned.

Additional social stresses may also occur //because of the population explosion or problems (arising from mass migration movements) ----themselves / made relatively easy nowadays / by modern means of transport。
由人口剧增或大规模人口流动带来的问题可能会导致更多的社会压力。而且在现代运输条件下，如今的人口流动变得相对更加容易了。

As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect . (来自2000年英译汉真题)

2 请对上面的划分句子结构.

3 请把下面的句子翻译成中文：（注意back-to-school 和laid –off workers的翻译）

Federally funded training and free back-to-school programs （for laid-off workers） are under way, but few experts believed （they will be able to keep up with the pace of the new technology）.

为了下岗工人的政府资助培训及免费再教育计划正在实施中，但少有专家认为他们能赶得上新技术的发展。

我要积分。。。

1、Additional social stresses 是句子的主语，may also occur包括前面的主语是做句子的主干结构，because of the population explosion or problems做状语， arising from mass migration movements是前面problem的后置定语 ----themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of
transport。
2、 Additional social stresses may also occur /because of the population explosion /or problems arising from mass migration movements ----themselves made relatively easy nowadays/ by modern means of transport.
3、Federally funded training and free back–to-school programs for laid –off workers are under way, but few experts believed they will be able
to keep up with the pace of the new technology.
为失业工人提供的由联邦政府资助的培训计划和免费重返技校的计划正在施行，但是很少专家认为这能跟上现代技术的步伐。

Additional social stresses may also occur/ because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements ----（themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport。）
主语是additional social stresses，occur是谓语，because of 引导原因状语，破折号后面的做mass migration movements 的修饰语
更多的社会压力会产生，这是由于人口膨胀或人口大规模迁移运动导致的，后者通过现代的交通方式变得相对容易。
Federally funded training and free back –to-school programs for laid –off workers are under way, but few experts believed they will be able to keep up with the pace of the new technology.
针对下岗职工，推出了政府出资的培训和免费的再教育活动。但是很少有专家认为这些措施能跟上新科技的发展。