A
1.absorb vt.吸收;使专心
【搭配】be absorbed in专心于
【考题】She was so_______in her job that she didn't hear anybody knocking at the door.
A)attracted B)absorbed C)drawn D)concentrated
(1996.1/25/B)
【译文】她工作如此专心以致于没听见有人敲门。
2.abuse vt.滥用;虐待n.滥用
【考题】It has been revealed that some government leaders_______their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.
A)employ B)take C)abuse D)overlook
(1996.6/34/C)
【译文】据透露,一些政府官员滥用职权为自己谋取非法利益。
3.accomplish v.达到;完成
【考题】The project,_______by the end of 2000,willexpand the city's telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.
A)accomplished B)being accomplished
C)to be accomplished D)having been accomplished
(1999.6/68/C)
【译文】预计在2000年前完成的这项工程将扩大该市的电话网至 1,000,000用户。
4.account n.账;账户v.说明……原因
【搭配】on account of 为了……的缘故,因为
take...into account 考虑到
【考题】I'd_______his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community,and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.
A)take into account B)account for
C)make up for D)make out
(2000.1/63/A)
【译文】我得向社区的其他的农户和商人们了解他的信誉,然后再决定是否同意他的贷款请求。
5.approve vt.赞成,称许;批准
approval n.
【搭配】for sb.'s approval 求某人指正 give one's approval to 批准
【考题】If only the committee_______the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.
A)approve B)will approve C)can approve D)would approve
(1997.1/47/D)
【译文】要是委员会能尽快批准这些规章制度并付诸实施就好了。
6.approximately ad.近似地,大约
【考题】They claim that_______1,000 factories closed down during the economic crisis.
A)sufficiently B)approximately C)considerably D)properly
(1993.1/45/B)
【译文】他们宣称大约有1000家工厂在经济危机中倒闭了。
7.arise vi.出现;由……引起
【考题】Some confusion has_______about who can join the association.
A)retained B)lifted C)raised D)arisen
(1992.1/43/D)
【译文】关于谁加入协会意见不一。
8.artificial a.人工的;矫揉造作的
【考题】There were some _______flowers on the table.
A)artificial B)unnatural C)false D)unreal
(1991.6/44/A)
【译文】桌子上有一些假花。
9.ashamed a.惭愧(的);羞耻(的)
【搭配】be ashamed of 以为……是耻辱
be ashamed to do sth.以干……为耻
【考题】He was_______ of having asked such a silly question.
A)sorry B)guilty C)ashamed D)miserable
(1991.6/65/C)
【译文】他对自己问了这样一个愚蠢的问题感到很不好意思。
10.associate vi.交往n.伙伴,同事
【搭配】associate oneself with 加入
associate sth.with 把(某事物与其他事物)联系在一起
associate with 和……来往
【考题】A healthy life is frequently thought to be_______with the open countryside and homegrown food.
A)tied B)bound C)involved D)associated
(1996.6/23/D)
【译文】人们总是把健康的生活与开阔的乡村和自家种的食物联系在一起。
E
37.economic economical 两者都是形容词,但词义不同。
economic意为“经济上的”,“经济学的”;而economical意为“节约的”,“节省的”,常用于“be economical of”结构。例如:
economic growth经济增长
an economical person节俭的人
典型考题:Being _______ of money,she managed to save enough for a holiday.
A.economic B.economical C.economics D.economies
38.efficient effective 形容词efficient与effective都表示“有效的”。efficient指“有效率的”,“高效率的”,“有能力的”,常指人;而effective表示“有效的”,“效率好的”,“得力的”,常指政策、措施等。如:
a very efficient production manager 一位非常得力的生产经理
effective teaching 效果好的教学
39.electric electrical
electric与electrical均作形容词用,但前者用来指“用电来驱动的”,“由电产生的”,后者为“与电有关的”。另外electric还可以表示“令人震惊的”。例如:
an electric torch(generator)电筒(发电机)
an electrical engineer电机工程师
典型考题:His speech had an _______ effect on the crowd;they all cheered him.
A.electric B.electrical C.electronic D.elastic
答案为A。句意:他的演说震撼人心,整个人群都向他欢呼。 electronic电子的;elastic有弹性的。
40.eminent imminent
eminent和imminent都是形容词,词形相似,但词义不同。eminent指“著名的”,“卓越的”,“杰出的”; imminent指“即将发生的”,“迫在眉睫的”。例如:
Washington was eminent both as a general and as president.华盛顿作为一位将军和总统,都是出类拔萃的。
The black clouds and the lightning show that a storm is imminent.乌云和闪电表明暴风雨即将来临。
典型考题:As we know,Churchill was one of the world's most _______statesmen.
A.eminent B.imminent C.illicit D.explicable
答案为A。句意:众所周知,邱吉尔是世界上最卓越的政治家之一。A与B较易混淆,前者意为“著名的”;后者意为“逼近的”,“即将发生的”。illicit违法的;explicable可解释的,可说明的。
41.emotional emotive
emotional与emotive并不同义,却常被混淆。emotional表示“充满感情的”,“易动感情的”,主语多为人;
emotive表示“使人激动的”,“令人感动的”之意,主语多为物。如:
an emotional person 易动感情的人
an emotive speech 令人感动的演讲
典型考题:Women are often said to be more_______ than men.
典型考题:Mary would always be _______ of her sister's beauty.
A.envoy B.various C.enviable D.envious
答案为D。句意:玛丽总是嫉妒她妹妹的美丽。envoy使节,公使;various各种各样的,不同的。
48.equal equivalent
equal与equivalent近义。但equal指在大小、质量、数量、形状、价值等方面相当或相等,常用词组be equal to(等于,和……相等),而
equivalent指在意义、重要性等抽象的方面相当或相等。另外,equal可作名词用,表“对手”,“匹敌者”。如:
equal pay for equal work 同工同酬
His behavior is equivalent to treason.他的行为等于背叛。
典型考题:John knows so much about the stars that I am sure it would be impossible to find his _______.
A.similar B.reflection C.equal D.equivalent
答案为C。句意:约翰对星球的知识如此渊博,我可以断定没有人可以与他匹敌。similar类似的,和to连用;reflection倒影,反射。
49.exhausting exhaustive
exhausting与exhaustive是同根形容词,但词义差别很大。exhausting意为“使人疲惫不堪的”,“筋疲力尽的”。而exhaustive表示“彻底的”,“无遗漏的”,“广泛的”。如:
We had a long and exhausting meeting this morning.今天上午我们开了一个使人疲倦的长会。
I don't claim to be exhaustive on this subject.
我并不认为自己把这个问题讲透了。
典型考题:The professor did _______ research before writing the article.
A.exhausting B.exhaustive C.exhibited D.executed
答案为B。句意:这位教授在写这篇文章之前,做了全面的调查研究。exhibit展览,陈列; execute执行,如execute orders执行命令。
F
50.facility/f `siliti/n.①[pl.]设备,设施②便利,容易,方便
【考点】facility表示“设备,设施,便利”时通常只用复数。
51.faculty/`f k lti/n.①能力,技能,天赋②系,学科,学院③全体教员
【考点】faculty表示“全体教员”用做主语时,如看做是一个整体,则其谓语用单数形式;如看做是个体,其谓语则用复数形式。
53.faithful/`fei ful/a.①忠诚的,忠实的,忠贞的②尽职的,责任心强的③如实的,准确可靠的
【考点】faithful用做表语时后面的搭配介词是to,即 be faithful to。
54.fancy/`f nsi/vt.①想要,喜欢②想象,设想②猜想,以为n.①爱好,迷恋②想象力,幻想力③设想,空想,幻想a.①昂贵的,高档的②别致的,花式的,花俏的
【考点】①fancy表示“设想,想像”时,后面接动名词作宾语,不可接不定式。
②fancy和think一样,在句子中常用否定转移,如I don't ~he will come to our party.
[常用词组]take a fancy to喜欢上,爱上
56.feasible/`fi:z bl/a.可行的,可能的,可用的
【全真考题】
I suggest we put the scheme into effect,for it is quite_______.(CET-6,2000.1—42)
A)eligible B)sustainable C)probable D)feasible
【答案】D
【注释】A)eligible意为“合适的,合意的”指有资格做某事。B)sustainable意为“支撑得住的,能持续的”。C) probable只表示一种可能性,用在这里不合适。D)fea- sible意为“可行的”。
【译文】我建议把计划付诸实施,因为这项计划的确切实可行。
57.feature/`fi: /n.①特征,特色②【pl.】面貌,相貌③特写,专题节目④故事片vt.突出,由……主演
【全真考题】
Apeculiarly pointed chin is his mostmemorable facial_______.(CET-4,98.6—47)
A)mark B)feature C)trace D)appearance
【答案】B
【注释】本题为词汇测试题。一般说来,提到面部特征时常用feature一词,意为“面貌特征”。A)mark符号,记号;C)trace痕迹,踪迹;D)appearance外表,外貌。因此,正确答案为B)feature。
【译文】一个特别尖的尖下巴是他最容易被记住的面部特征。
58.fierce/fi s/a.①凶猛的,残酷的,好斗的②狂热的,强烈的③猛烈的,激烈的,狂暴的
59.file/fail/n.①档案,卷宗,文件②文件夹,公文柜③纵列vt.①把(文件)归档②把……登记备案,提出(申请书等)vi.①(for)提出②排成纵队行进
【常用词组】on file存档
【全真考题】
Thank you for applying for a position with our firm.We do not have any openings at this time,but we shall keep your application on_______ for two months.(CET-6, 97.6—67)
A)pile B)segment C)sequence D)file
【答案】D
【注释】A)pile意为“堆”。B)segment意为“部分,片段”。C)sequence意为“顺序”。D)file意为“档案”。
【译文】感谢你向本公司谋职,目前本公司尚无空缺,但你的申请函我们将存档两个月。
60.flesh /fle /n.①肉,果肉②【the ~】肉体
【辨析】flesh和meat两词都可表示“肉”,但前者是从生理上讲的肉或肌肉。后者则指供人食用的动物肉(如牛、羊、猪肉),但一般不包括鱼或家禽的肉。
【常用词组】in the flesh本人
65.former/`f m /a.在前的,以前的,旧时的n.【the~】前者
【辨析】former,preceding,previous和prior这几个词都可表示“以前的,先前的”,其中former指属于过去某一段时间的,即“从前的,前任的;preceding指时间、位置或顺序上居先,与定冠词连用含有“前一个,前几个”的意思;previous指在时间或顺序上“在前的,早先的”; prior除具有previous的上述意义外,还表示“更重要的”。
【全真考题】
The girl was _______ a shop assistant;she is now a manager in a large department store.
G
70.gas/g s/n.①气体②煤气③汽油④毒气vt.①用毒气毒(死)②(up)给(汽车)加油
【考点】step on the gas表示“踩油门,加大油门”。
71.gasoline/.g s `lin,`g s lin /n.汽油
72.gaze/geiz/v./n.凝视,注视
【考点】gaze是不及物动词,表示“凝视”时与at/on /upon连用;表示“凝视天空”时用gaze into the sky。
77.given/`giv n/a.①规定的,特定的②假设的,已知的③(to)有癖好的,有倾向的prep.考虑到
【全真考题】
_______ the claim about German economic might,it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.(CET-6,96.1—55)
A)To give B)Given
C)Giving D)Having given
【答案】B。
【注释】句中应填入表示“考虑到”之意的词,given为介词,意为“考虑到,如果有”之意。
【译文】考虑到德国经济强大这一说法,德国经济相对来说如此弱小这一点有些令人吃惊。
78.glue/glu:/n.胶,胶水vt.胶合,粘贴
【常用词组】 glued to 不愿离开,盯住不放
79.golf/g lf,g :lf/n.高尔夫球运动
80.goodness/gudnis /int.天哪n.善良,美德,好意
81.govern/`g v n/vt.①统治,治理,管理②支配,影响
【辨析】govern,reign和rule三词均可表示“统治”,其中govern指用权力实行治理,
即合法政府的统治;reign指君王的当朝,但不一定都实行治理;rule则指独裁统治或君王的专制统治。
87.grant/gr nt,gra:nt/n.拨款,授予物vt.授予,同意,准予
【考点】① grant sb.sth.表示“同意(给予)某人某事”。
②granting(granted)that表示“即使……(也)”。
③在take it for granted that结构中,it是形式宾语, that引导的从句是真正的宾语。
【常用词组】
take...for granted①认为……是理所当然②(因视作当然而)对……不予重视
88.grateful/greitful/a.感激的,感谢的
【辨析】grateful和thankful两词都可表示“感激的,感谢的”,但前者用于对人的感谢,后者则多用于对客观事物的感激。
【考点】①be grateful for(doing)sth.表示“因(做)某事而感激”。
②be grateful to sb.(for sth.)表示“(因某事而)感激某人”。
89.greedy/gri:di/a.①贪食的,嘴馋的②贪婪的,贪心的③渴望的
【考点】① be greedy for表示“急需……渴望得到……”。
②be greedy of表示“贪恋……”。
92.grip/grip /n.①紧握,抓牢②掌握,控制vt.①握紧,抓牢②吸引住……的注意力(或想象力等)
【常用词组】
come /get to grips(认真)对付(或处理)
93.guarantee/.g r n`ti:,.ga:r n`ti:/vt.保证,担保n.保证,保证书
【全真考题】
Every camera we sell comes with a two-year_______.
H
根据大纲《词汇表》(Vocabulary)(试用),H部分共有词汇140个,其中中学已学词72个,四级词68个,与旧教学大纲比较,新增四级词4个(hearing,highlight,hip,housing)。根据专家抽样调查,其中有“临界词”(学过后有点印象而不完全清楚)10个左右。另外,hand, hang,hold三个动词与down,on,up,out,over等介词构成的短语动词也是这部分的难点,也是四级考试词汇题考察的重点。
大家先做一下练习,看看自己是否掌握这些词和短语。
I.Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the forms where necessary.
harmony hedge harness hazard horizon
humble harsh halt heave highlight
1.The officer_______ his troops for a rest.
2.The panel discussion on cultural exchange____ the experience of people-to-people relations.
3.Man is trying to _______ the limitless power of sun.
4.My cat and dog live in perfect_______.
5.The doctor was _______ about his work, although he cured many people.
6.He will get a_______ punishment,because he violates the school discipline too many times.
7.Rock-climbers sometimes _______ their lives.
8.The storm _______ the sea into mountainous waves.
9.Buying a house is the best _______ against inflation.
10.Science gives us a new _______.
II.Complete each sentence with one of four choices given below:
1.It is not easy to learn English well but if you _______ ,you will succeed in the end.
A)hang up B)hang about
C)hang on D)hang onto
2.San Francisco is usually cool in the summer,but Los Angeles_______.
A)is rarely B)rarely is
C)is hardly D)is scarcely
3.We had to _______ a lot of noise when the children were at home.
A)go in for B)hold on to
C)put up with D)keep pace with
4.Small farms and lack of modern technology have _______ agricultural production.
A)blundered B)tangled
C)bewildered D)hampered
5.There was something wrong with the traffic signal.Our bus was_______ for nearly half an hour.
A)held on B)held back
C)held in D)held up
6.When Jane fell off the bike,the other children_______.
A)were not able to help laughter
B)could not help but laughing
C)could not help laughing
D)could not help to laugh
7.The story was so touching that I could hardly _______ my tears.
A)hold on B)hold on to
C)hold up D)hold back
8.Should you require any further details at this time,please do not_______ to contact me.
A)void B)hesitate
C)delay D)prevent
9.The discussion quickly became a very _______ argument about increasing price.
A)heated B)roaring
C)warm D)boiling
10.The painting was a valuable family possession,which had been _______ from generation to generation.
A)handed over B)handed out
C)handed down D)handed across
1.【答案】C)。
【解析】A)hang up“挂断(电话)”,B)hang about“闲荡”,C)hang on“坚持下去”,D)hang onto“抓紧(某物)”。可见选项C)hang on符合题意,是正确答案。句意:学好英语不容易,但如果你坚持下去,你最终能成功。
2.【答案】B)。
【解析】句中有情态动词、助动词或to be时,rarely等要放在这些动词之后、主要动词之前,但在省略句中,这类词要放在情态动词、助动词或to be之前。句意:旧金山夏天通常凉爽,洛杉矶夏天很少有凉爽的时候。
3.【答案】C)。
【解析】A)go in for“从事,爱好”,B)hold on to“坚持,抓紧”,C)put up with“容忍,忍受”,D)keep pace with“与……保持一致,跟上”,根据以上辨析可知,选项C)put up with符合题意要求。句意:孩子们在家时,我们不得不忍受许许多多的喧闹声。
4.【答案】D)。
【解析】D)hamper意为“阻碍,束缚”。其他三个动词的意义是:A)blundered“盲动,脱口而出”;B)tangled“纠缠”;
C)bewildered“迷惑”。句意:小农场以及缺乏现代技术束缚了农业的生产。
5.【答案】D)。
【解析】短语动词hold up意为“耽搁,受阻,使停止”,符合题意。句意:交通灯出了故障,我们的车被塞近半小时了。
6.【答案】C)。
【解析】can't help doing something是固定搭配,意为“忍不住做某事”。句意:当珍妮从自行车上掉下来时,其他孩子都忍不住大笑起来。
7.【答案】D)。
【解析】hold back意为“抑制”。句意:那个故事太感人了,我几乎不能控制住眼泪。
8.【答案】B)。
【解析】don't hesitate to do something意为“干……不要犹豫”。句意:如你需要任何详情的话,请随时与我联系。
9.【答案】A)。
【解析】heated argument“激烈的争论”,这是固定搭配。roaring常与applause搭配,表示“雷鸣般的掌声”; boiling常见的搭配有boiling hot“酷热的”或boiling water;warm的搭配也很多,但都不能与argument搭配。句意:讨论很快变成关于涨价问题的激烈争论。
10.【答案】C)。
【解析】hand down“传下来,传给”。A)hand over“移交,交给”,B)hand out“发给,散发”,D)hand across不是短语。句意:这幅画是珍贵的家族财产,是一代一代传下来的。