concrete | 词义 | ［n.］ ① ［U］混凝土
［a.］②clearly based on facts; definite and specific确实的，具体的［近objective, specific］ |
例句 | an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding一个使大量的具体研究和认识成为可能的抽象概念（2003翻译） |
create | 词义 | ［v.］［T］ ① to make sth exist that did not exist before 创作；创造；创建［近establish, father, originate, produce, start］
② to produce a particular feeling or impression 造成，引起，产生(感觉或印象)
③to give sb a particular rank or title 授予，册封 ［近confer, award］ |
例句 | While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create. 尽管华盛顿和杰佛逊私下里都表达了对奴隶制的反感，但是他们也知道奴隶制是他们努力创建的国家的政治与经济基石的一部分。（2008阅读Text 4） |
decrease | 词义 | ［n.］ ① ［C,U］ 减少，降低；减少量［+in/of sth］
［v.］ ② ［I,T］(使)减少，降低［+(from sth) (to sth), +in］ |
例句 | ...Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.倡议削减基础研究基金的共和党人（1998阅读Text 3） |
increase | 词义
| ［n.］ ① ［C,U］ 增加，增多［+in sth］
［v.］②［T,I］(使)增多，增加［+(sth) from... to... ］ ［近augment, enlarge, raise, rise］ |
例句 | In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.至于NBA球员，他们身高的增长似乎是从世界各国吸收球员这种日益普遍的做法的结果。（2008阅读Text 3） |
recreation | 词义 | ［n.］ ① ［C, U］ an activity that you do for pleasure or amusement娱乐，消遣（活动） ［近entertainment,fun, diversion, sport, amusement］ |
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crucial | 词义 | ［a.］① extremely important because everything else depends on it决定性的，关键性的，至关重要的［+to/for sth, +that］ ［近decisive, key, vital, critical］ |
例句 | If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.如果我们要保护大气，那么关键是要让这些新发电厂对环境无害。（2005阅读Text 2） |
cruise | 词义 | ［v.］［I,T］ ① to travel in a ship or boat visiting different places, esp. as a holiday乘船游览
② (of a car, a plane, etc) to move at a steady speed; (of a car, etc or its driver) to drive along slowly esp. when you are looking at or for sth（汽车、飞机等）以平稳的速度行驶；（汽车等或驾驶员）慢速行驶，巡行［+ad./prep.］
③ to win or achieve sth easily轻而易举地获得(赢得)；轻取［+ad./prep.］
［n.］④ ［C］ 乘船游览 ［近sail］ |
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course | 词义 | ［n.］ ① the planned direction taken by a boat or plane; or the direction a river moves in（船或飞机的）航线；江河流向
② the usual or natural way that sth changes, develops, or is done进展，进程 ［近process, evolution］
③ a way of acting in or dealing with sth；the general direction in which sbs ideas or actions are moving行动方式，处理方法；方针，行动方向 ［近approach, procedure］
④ a series of lessons on a particular study or a period of study at a university that leads to an exam or a qualification课程，讲座;（大学中要进行考试或取得资格的）课程 ［近curriculum］
⑤ a series of medical treatment, pills etc (医疗、服药等的)疗程
⑥an area of land or water where races are held比赛场地，跑道，泳道
⑦ one of the separate parts of a meal一道菜
［v.］［I］⑧ (of liquid)to move or flow quickly快速地流动；奔流［+ad./prep.］ ［近run, stream］ |
例句 | ...who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision 他必须承担这样的责任：用尽可能明了的方式来展示自己做出决定的推理过程（2006翻译） |
current | 词义 | ［n.］ ① ［C］ a continuous movement of water or air in a particular direction水流，洋流；气流 ［近stream, drift］
② ［U］ the flow of electricity through a wire, etc电流
③ ［C］ ideas, opinions, feelings being present in a group of people思潮，潮流，趋向［近trend, tendency, tide］
［a.］ ④ ［仅用于名词前］ happening or existing now当前的，现行的
⑤ in common or general use; generally accepted通用的，通行的，被普遍接受的 ［近prevalent, widespread］ |
例句
| Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos for research... 因为现行的联邦法律已经禁止联邦基金用于制造研究用的胚胎……（1999阅读 Text 4） |
discourse | 词义 | ［n.］ ① ［C］ a serious speech or piece of writing on a particular subject (就某个题目的)演讲，论述，著述［+on/upon］ ［近address, speech, lecture］
② ［U］ serious conversation or discussion between people(严肃的)谈话，交谈 ［近conversation, discussion］
③ ［U］ a unit of text used by linguists for the analysis of linguistic phenomena that range over more than one sentence 语篇，语段
［v.］④ ［I］ to make a long formal speech about sth, or to discuss sth seriously对（某事）作长篇正式的讲述，论述［+on/upon］ ［近talk about, comment］ |
例句 | the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse服饰和谈吐方面民主化的统一（2006阅读 Text 1） |
excursion | 词义 | ［n.］［C］① a short journey made for pleasure, esp. one that has been organized for a group of people（尤指集体）远足，短途旅行 ［近trip, tour］
②a short period of trying a new or different activity (短期的)涉足，涉猎［+into sth］ |
incur | 词义 | ［v.］ ［T］① if you incur sth unpleasant, you are in a situation in which you have to deal with it; if you incur costs, you have to pay them招致，引起，带来（不好的事情或费用等） |
intercourse | 词义 | ［n.］ ①［U］ communication and exchange between people, countries, etc（人、国家等之间的）往来，交流，交际 ［近association, communication］ |
occur | 词义 | ［v.］［I］ ① to happen 发生，出现 ［近happen, take place, fall］
② to exist or to be found in a particular place or situation 存在于，出现在 ［近exist］ |
例句 | ... it has not occurred against the background of general commodityprice inflation and global excess demand.这次油价上升并不是发生在普遍物价上涨及全球需求过旺的背景之下。（2002阅读 Text 3） |
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epidemic | 词义 | ［a.］ ① (of disease, crime etc) spreading quickly among many people in the same place for a time流行的，传染的；泛滥的，猖獗的 ［近infectious, catching］
［n.］ ［C］ ② a large number of cases of a particular infectious disease occurring at the same time流行病，传染病 ［近plague］
③a sudden rapid increase in how often sth bad happens（坏事）迅速泛滥、蔓延 |
例句 | Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, “Dont worry, scientists will find some way of using computers.”当被问到传染病重新爆发怎么办时，她说，“不用担心，科学家会利用计算机找到某种解决方法的”。(2003阅读Text 2) |
