标题: 2009年考研英语翻译最新模拟题 [打印本页] 作者: wuren 时间: 08-11-2 20:22 标题: 2009年考研英语翻译最新模拟题 Part C
In Benjamin Franklin's civic pride and his projects for the improvement of Philadelphia, we see another aspect of the philosophy of doing good. At the same time we may recognize the zeal for reform that has long been a characteristic of American life. In his attention to the details of daily living, Franklin shows himself as the observant empiricist. 46. As the successful engineer of ways to make the city he loved cleaner, safer and more attractive he continually sponsored new institutions that were proof that the applications of reason to experience were fruitful in the real world.
47. "Human bliss," observed Franklin, "is produced not so much by great pieces of good fortune that seldom happen, as by little advantages that occur every day." Franklin typifies that aspect of the American character that is attentive to small details as well as over-all great plans. 48. The practical idealism of America lies in our capacity to work for our ideals step by step, to recognize that the perfect world is never achieved but that we may approach it gradually by a creative attentiveness to each aspect of life around us.
In the American tradition Franklin stands as a man who preached thrift, frugality, industry and enterprise as the "way to wealth." 49. He grew to maturity in an American tradition that was older than he was, according to which such virtues as thrift and industry were not enough to bring a man success; he had also to practice charity and help his neighbor. Wealth was a token of esteem of the Divine Providence that governs men's affairs, and thus the accumulation of riches was not sought for its own sake alone. Furthermore, wealth and position, being marks of the divine favor, conferred an obligation; a successful man was a "steward," holding the world's goods in trust for the less fortunate.
50. Being an American meant for Franklin a passionate love of country and a devotion to a democratic point of view in which the rights and liberties of his fellow men were guaranteed and protected. As her foremost citizen in the eyes of the world, he was the champion of her cause in Britain for more than a decade before the Revolution and her representative in France during the years of conflict. America was fortunate in having a man of his stature and ability to serve her during those years; the skills he had acquired in mastery of life and the world's affairs were brought to bear on the issues of state in patriotic service. An old hand at presenting "causes" in the public press, he presented the case for America in British newspapers and magazines-under various pseudonyms, just as he had done at home in his Pennsylvania Gazette.
Part C
一、试题解析
46.Since ancient times, physicians have known that cerebral damage to the brain could affect
(0.5分)
language functions //, but a major breakthrough occurred in 1861 when Paul Broca, a young French
(1分)
surgeon, observed a patient // who suffered from paralysis of the right side of his body as well as the
(0.5分)
loss of speech.
【解析】 本题考点是多重复合句的翻译。本句是一个复杂复合句，基本结构是一个并列句，由but连接，并列句的前半部分包含宾语从句，后半部分包含状语从句以及定语从句。句子的主干为“…, physicians have known…”，句中的插入语a young French surgeon是Paul Broca的同位语，who引导限制性定语从句，修饰前面的patient。句中“a major breakthrough occurred when sb. do sth. …”与汉语习惯表达差异较大，翻译时应该注意适当转译。本英语句子结构复杂，因此翻译成汉语时需要将意群拆开。
【词汇】词汇释义：句子中ancient指very old，绝非“远古”的意思； cerebral的意思是“大脑的”，后文的to the brain对其做出了解释；paralysis虽然既可以指“麻痹”，又可以指“瘫痪”，但是结合语境应该翻译为“瘫痪”；loss of speech是一个术语，失语症。
可接受的翻译 不可接受的翻译
a major breakthrough occurred… : 取得了重大的突破；有了重大的突破 一个专业的暂停通过……发生了；一个专业的突破发生了
paralysis of the right side of his body: 右半身瘫痪；他的右半边身体瘫痪 与他的身体的右侧平行；分析他身体的右边
loss of speech: 失语症；失语；失去语言功能 演讲辞丢失；失言；说不出话来
46. As the successful engineer of ways to make the city he loved cleaner, safer and more attractive // he continually sponsored new institutions // that were proof that the applications of reason to experience were fruitful in the real world.
【解析】 本题考点是多重复合句的翻译。本句是一个复杂复合句。句首是由as引导的一个方式状语，其中不定式做定语修饰前面的ways，句子的基本结构是he continually sponsored new institutions，第一个that引导的定语从句修饰前面的institutions，而其中又包含一个that引导的同位语从句，解释说明前面的proof。本英语句子结构复杂，因此翻译成汉语时需要将意群拆开，并且要进行词性的转化。
47. "Human bliss," observed Franklin,// "is produced not so much by great pieces of good fortune that seldom happen, // as by little advantages that occur every day."
【解析】 本题考点是词组的翻译。 not so much A as B的意思是“与其说A不如说B”，by表示方式。第一个that引导的定语从句修饰前面的fortune，后一个that引导的定语从句修饰前面的advantages。
48. The practical idealism of America lies in our capacity to work for our ideals step by step, // to recognize that the perfect world is never achieved // but that we may approach it gradually by a creative attentiveness to each aspect of life around us.
【解析】 本题考点是不定式做定语。 本句主干是The practical idealism of America lies in our capacity，后面两个并列不定式短语to work for和to recognize做定语修饰capacity。Recognize后that…but that引导两个并列的宾语从句。approach it中的it指的是前面的the perfect world。
【词汇】词汇释义：idealism在这里指的是“理想主义”，而ideals在这里指的是具体的“理想”。Step by step是“逐步的”在此引申为“按部就班的”。a creative attentiveness指的是“对事情的有创意的关注”。
可接受的翻译 不可接受的翻译
The practical idealism of America：美国的实用理想主义，或美国的实用主义理想 The practical idealism of America：美国现实的理想
49. He grew to maturity in an American tradition // that was older than he was, // according to which such virtues as thrift and industry were not enough to bring a man success;
【解析】 本题考点是多重复合句的翻译。本句是一个复杂复合句，句子的主干为“…, He grew to maturity in an American tradition…”，后面that引导的限制性定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句都是用来修饰前面的tradition。
50. Being an American meant for Franklin a passionate love of country // and a devotion to a democratic point of view // in which the rights and liberties of his fellow men were guaranteed and protected.
【解析】 本题考点是多重复合句的翻译。本句是一个复合句，句子的主干为“Being an American meant for Franklin a passionate love… and a devotion…”，which 引导的定语从句修饰前面的democratic point of view。
可接受的翻译 不可接受的翻译
a devotion to a democratic point of view：一种对民主观点的忠诚 a devotion to a democratic point of view：一种对民主观点的致力
the rights and liberties of his fellow men：他的同胞的权利和自由 the rights and liberties of his fellow men：他的同胞的正确和自由